What is ransomware?

What is ransomware?

• A. A type of firewall that blocks external access.
• B. Malware that encrypts data and demands payment for decryption.
• C. A security principle requiring multiple passwords.
• D. A method of backing up data automatically.

Answer: (B)

Ransomware is malware that secretly encrypts the victim’s files or locks the device, making data unusable until a payment is made for the decryption key. Attackers typically demand payment in cryptocurrency and threaten data loss or public exposure if the ransom isn’t paid. This concept is distinct from a firewall, which blocks unauthorized access; from a password-based security principle or multi-factor authentication; and from automatic backups, which are used to recover data after an incident. Knowing what ransomware does highlights why keeping software updated, practicing good backups, and training users to avoid suspicious links are essential defenses.

Ransomware is malware that secretly encrypts the victim’s files or locks the device, making data unusable until a payment is made for the decryption key. Attackers typically demand payment in cryptocurrency and threaten data loss or public exposure if the ransom isn’t paid. This concept is distinct from a firewall, which blocks unauthorized access; from a password-based security principle or multi-factor authentication; and from automatic backups, which are used to recover data after an incident. Knowing what ransomware does highlights why keeping software updated, practicing good backups, and training users to avoid suspicious links are essential defenses.